1. Gathering Materials: The manufacturing process begins with gathering materials such as synthetic rubber, natural rubber, fabric, and wire, along with other chemicals that ensure the tire's durability, performance, and safety.
2. Manufacturing the Tyre Components: The tyre is made up of several components:
- Treads: The pattern seen on the circumference of the tire that makes direct contact with the road.
- Sidewalls: The side of the tire which gives it strength to contain air pressure.
- Beads: They are steel wires that maintain the tire's grip on the wheel rim.
- Piles: Layers of fabric that provide the tire's backbone.
- Belts: The belts are made of steel and are located around the piles to strengthen the tread area and provide puncture resistance.
3. Building the Tyre: The process of building the tyre takes place in a machine called a tyre building drum. This machine receives all different components and assembles them into what begins to look like a tire. Beads, ply, threads, and belts are appropriately placed and adhered with the help of special adhesives.
4. Curing and Vulcanization: Once the initial "green" tyre is built, it undergoes a process called vulcanization. In this process, the tyre is heated and pressurized in a curing press, which gives the tyre its final shape and tread pattern. The heat also causes a chemical reaction that makes the rubber hard and durable.
5. Inspection and Quality Control: After the vulcanization process, the tyre is thoroughly inspected for any defects or anomalies. It could be visual or machine-based inspection to ensure quality and safety standards. Some tyres are even tested under road-like conditions.
6. Finishing and Shipping: Once the tyre passes the inspection, it is painted and the sidewalls are imprinted with important identification codes. The tyres are then packed and shipped to wholesalers or retailers.
Producing a tyre involves a complex mixture of materials, design, construction techniques, and highly automated machinery. Every tyre goes through numerous quality checks and testing methods to ensure safety and performance.

The complex process of tire production involves multiple stages and materials. To start. the necessary materials such as synthetic rubber. natural rubber. carbon black. fabric. and steel wire are carefully collected and evaluated for quality. These materials are then mixed together in specific proportions to create a rubber mixture. The heating process causes a chemical reaction. resulting in a sticky mixture.