Q
how is vinyl chloride made
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Vinyl chloride, a key precursor to PVC (polyvinyl chloride) plastic, is primarily produced through the thermal cracking of ethylene dichloride (EDC). The process consists of heating EDC in a high-temperature environment (about 500°C), which induces a decomposition reaction that results in the formation of vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) as by-products. The reaction is highly endothermic, requiring significant energy input to sustain. The industry has evolved to become more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly by recycling HCl in a balanced process known as "oxychlorination," which also produces EDC as an intermediate. In oxychlorination, ethylene reacts with oxygen and HCl to form EDC, thereby utilizing the HCl generated in the cracking process. This closed-loop process minimizes waste and helps in the sustainable production of vinyl chloride.
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